Waterlow score

The Waterlow score (or Waterlow scale) gives an estimated risk for the development of a pressure sore in a given patient. The tool was developed in 1985 by clinical nurse teacher Judy Waterlow.

Scoring criteria

The following areas are assessed for each patient and assigned a point value.

• Build/weight for height
• Skin type/visual risk areas
• Sex and age
• Malnutrition Screening Tool
• Continence
• Mobility

Additional points in special risk categories are assigned to selected patients.

• Tissue malnutrition
• Neurological deficit
• Major surgery or trauma

Potential scores range from 1 to 64. A total Waterlow score ≥10 indicates risk for pressure ulcer. A high risk score is ≥15. A very high risk exists at scores ≥20. The reverse side of the Waterlow score lists examples of preventive aids and interventions.

Click HERE to download the Waterlow scale

CLICK HERE for more resources on Fundamentals of Nursing
CLICK HERE for more resources on Laboratory & Diagnostic Test