1. The nurse tells a student nurse that the normal constituents of urine are the following. Select all that apply?

2. Which modifiable risk factor should the nurse identify for the development of cancer of the bladder in a client?

3. A 74 year-old male is admitted due to inability to void. He has a history of an enlarged prostate and has not voided in 14 hours. When assessing for bladder distention, the BEST method for the nurse to use is to assess for?

4. The K+ level of a client in acute renal failure is 6.8 mEq/L. Which treatments will decrease the potassium level? Select all that apply.

5. The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Acute Renal Failure. Which laboratory values are most significant for diagnosing Acute Renal Failure?

6. The physician has ordered several diagnostic measures for a client with suspected renal calculi. Which diagnostic measure has the highest sensitivity for detecting renal calculi?

7. A client seen in the Emergency Department reports painful urination, frequency, and urgency. Which of the following conditions would the nurse suspect?

8. A client receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) has outflow that is 100 mL less than the inflow for two consecutive exchanges. Which of the following actions would be best for the nurse to take first?

9. The nurse is caring for a client with renal calculi. Which physician order would be a PRIORITY?

10. The nurse is collecting a 24-hour urine sampling for creatinine clearance on a client hospitalized with acute glomerulonephritis. While making rounds, the nurse learns that the client discarded the 2 a.m. voiding. The nurse should?

11. A client with a chronic urinary tract infection (UTI) is scheduled for a number of laboratory tests. The nurse would note which test results to best evaluate whether the kidneys are being adversely affected?

12. The nurse would assess a client with urolithiasis for which of the following symptoms?

13. A client is admitted with a distended bladder due to the inability to void. The nurse obtains an order to catheterize the client knowing that gradual emptying is preferred over complete emptying because it