Nasogastric Intubation:- Gastric intubation via the nasal passage (i.e., nasogastric route) is a common procedure that provides access to the stomach for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A nasogastric (NG) tube is used for the procedure. The placement of an NG tube can be uncomfortable for the patient if the patient is not adequately prepared with anaesthesia to the nasal passages and specific instructions on how to cooperate with the operator during the procedure.
Diagnostic indications for Nasogastric Intubation include the following:
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Absolute contraindications for Nasogastric Intubation include the following:
Relative contraindications for Nasogastric Intubation include the following:
The main complications of Nasogastric Intubation include aspiration and tissue trauma. Placement of the catheter can induce gagging or vomiting, therefore suction should always be ready to use in the case of this happening.
The potential for contact with a patient’s blood/body fluids while starting an NG is present and increases with the inexperience of the operator. Gloves must be worn while starting an NG; and if the risk of vomiting is high, the operator should consider face and eye protection as well as a gown. Trauma protocol calls for all team members to wear gloves, face and eye protection and gowns.
All necessary equipment should be prepared, assembled and available at the bedside prior to starting the NG tube. Basic equipment includes:
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Instruct the patient to swallow (you may offer ice chips/water) and advance the tube as the patient swallows. Swallowing of small sips of water may enhance passage of tube into oesophagus.
If resistance is met, rotate tube slowly with downward advancement toward closes ear. Do not force.
Sources:
Med Uottawa
Medscape
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